If you are a federalist, then it might be the most important document written after the Constitution. There are a lot of people who disagree with Hamilton and Madison mostly over the "necessary and proper" clause and that the executive branch wielded too much power. I do agree with some points in the Federalist Papers.
"Social Progress" can mean any number of things to fit any philosophy or ideology. Who is to say that the federal government is the engine of this social progress? Ideas stated for the purpose of progress can be negative. Concerning segregation, Lincoln didn't free the slaves because he was sympathetic towards them. That was never one of his major goals. He freed the southern slaves to further the collapse and chaos of the South towards the end of the war as a part of the failed Reconstruction.
You also say that it would have been a bad thing for New Deal legislation to be repealed by the states. What evidence is there that it was effective? There was unprecedented unemployment over 14.5% for 10 years and got as high as 25%:
http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1528.html. For all of the spent money towards these programs, the depression never really ended until after WWII ended when the government cut two-thirds of its spending in 1945.
Also, why should the federal government have to set the national moral standard? Every state is different and has a unique culture that has different ethics and morals. I agree with ending the drug war which is predominantly a national issue. I also agree with legalizing gay marriage but this should be strictly a state issue.