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They're all to blame.
Halliburton did a shitty cement job, Transocean didn't maintain a BOP that was fit for purpose, and Bp made some piss poor decisions about well design etc...
No single cause or blame can be laid at anyones door... it's like a plane Crash, there is no one single even of failure that causes it, but a chain of events/failures. If we take any of those 3 failures out above, then the disaster would not have happened - but the combination of all three and boom...
That's in pretty simple terms, but essentially, that's the situation...
you're right - There isn't... .that's why - microbial growth has been shown to have increased massively since the spill, yet, luckily, not to the point of creating dead zones - but essentially, this is where much of you're oil has gone.
It's light Crude - not heavy sour crude (aka Valdez) ... so ~80% of it will have evaporated to atmosphere (i.e. all the lighter fractions)... heavier fractions will have emulsified, sank and been consumed by chemosynthetic communties...
Remember, the surface temperature of the Gulf is around 90 degrees.... so, Chemistry 101, what happens to chemical reactions and biological processes when you add heat?? they speed up....
That my pedigree chums is why when you look at the cost of a barrel of oil, you'll see a barrel of Texas Light Sweet crude is more expensive then Brent Crude - because it's very light, much easier to refine to lighter fraction products such as gasoline... it does a lot of it by itself.
What - say about $20 billion?......
oh wait....
is my meter broken here? ha...
No oil was spilt when it was burning, because the Oil was the source of the fire, the fuel... and it sank because no steel structure can take a fire that intense for 3 days without losing total integrity... essentially it started to melt (same thin with twin towers... fuel fire caused structural integrity to be lost in the main structural steel RSJ's etc), weakened by heat and collapsed in on it'self, basically losing every aspect of naval architecture and marine engineering that went in to making it float.... same would have happened to a ship... only way to have stopped it would have been to shut off the fuel source (blown out well, which couldn't be done.... so you had 40k bbl/day of hydrocarbon at 8000 psig+ ripping up the riser unabated....)