1.
Carbon can bond with one or more carbon atoms, producing a variety of
a.
hydrocarbons.
b.
amino groups.
c.
carbon skeletons.
d.
inorganic molecules.
A B C D
2.
Which statement is true?
a.
Simple sugars are made of polysaccharides.
b.
Glycerol is made of fatty acids.
c.
Polymers are made of monomers.
d.
Amino acids are made of proteins.
A B C D
3.
Which of the following organic compounds is the main fuel supply for cellular work?
a.
sugars
b.
lipids
c.
nucleic acids
d.
proteins
A B C D
4.
A monosaccharide is a
a.
carbohydrate.
b.
lipid.
c.
nucleic acid.
d.
protein.
A B C D
5.
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
a.
act as a main fuel for cells
b.
defend the body from harmful microorganisms
c.
control chemical reactions in a cell
d.
build structures such as muscle
A B C D
6.
Amino acid is to protein as
a.
fat is to lipid.
b.
DNA is to RNA.
c.
sugar is to fat.
d.
simple sugar is to starch.
A B C D
7.
Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by lowering the
a.
active site energy of the reaction.
b.
speed of the reaction.
c.
temperature of the reaction.
d.
activation energy of the reaction.
A B C D
8.
How many bonds can carbon form with other atoms?
a.
2
b.
3
c.
4
d.
8
A B C D
9.
A substance that accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction is called a(an)
a.
catalyst.
b.
lipid.
c.
molecule.
d.
element.
A B C D
10.
Most carbon-based molecules are classified as
a.
inorganic.
b.
hydrophilic.
c.
hydrocarbons.
d.
organic.
A B C D
11.
A carbohydrate made up of two sugar units is a
a.
monosaccharide.
b.
disaccharide.
c.
polysaccharide.
d.
bisaccharide.
A B C D
12.
Polysaccharides include
a.
starch, glycogen, and carbohydrates.
b.
glucose, glycogen, and cellulose.
c.
starch, glucose, and cellulose.
d.
starch, glycogen, and cellulose.
A B C D
13.
The differences between amino acids are in the
a.
amino groups.
b.
R groups
c.
hydrogen atoms.
d.
carboxyl groups.
A B C D
14.
The most common elements in most living things are
a.
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and calcium.
b.
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.
c.
oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen.
d.
oxygen, carbon, sodium, and nitrogen.
A B C D
15.
Which of the following terms describes a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in a fixed ratio?
a.
compound
b.
isotope
c.
nucleus
d.
enzyme
A B C D
16.
The nucleus is made up of
a.
protons and electrons.
b.
electrons and neutrons.
c.
protons and neutrons.
d.
protons, neutrons, and electrons.
A B C D
17.
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and
a.
a different number of electrons.
b.
a different number of molecules.
c.
a different number of neutrons.
d.
the same number of neutrons.
A B C D
18.
In chemical reactions, atoms are
a.
created.
b.
destroyed.
c.
rearranged.
d.
neutralized.
A B C D
19.
Identify the reactant(s) in the chemical reaction, CO2 + H2O ® H2CO3.
a.
CO2, H2O, and H2CO3
b.
CO2 and H2O
c.
H2CO3
d.
CO2
A B C D
20.
Which of the following makes up a molecule of water?
a.
one atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
b.
one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine
c.
one atom of hydrogen and two atoms of oxygen
d.
two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
A B C D
21.
The three particles that make up an atom are
a.
protons, neutrons, and isotopes.
b.
neutrons, isotopes, and electrons.
c.
positives, negatives, and electrons.
d.
protons, neutrons, and electrons.
A B C D
22.
The space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains
a.
protons.
b.
electrons.
c.
neutrons.
d.
ions.
A B C D
23.
If an atom contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons, its atomic number is
a.
1.
b.
11.
c.
12.
d.
23.
A B C D
24.
A covalent bond is formed as the result of
a.
transferring electrons.
b.
sharing an electron pair.
c.
transferring protons.
d.
sharing a proton pair.
A B C D
25.
When hydrogen and oxygen combine and form water, water is
a.
a product.
b.
a reactant.
c.
both a product and a reactant.
d.
neither a product nor a reactant.
A B C D
26.
Solutions that contain concentrations of H+ ions lower than pure water
a.
have pH values below 7.
b.
are acids.
c.
are bases.
d.
are enzymes.
A B C D
27.
A substance with a pH of 6 is called
a.
an acid.
b.
a base.
c.
both an acid and a base.
d.
neither an acid nor a base.
A B C D
28.
A solution is a
a.
breaking of a chemical bond.
b.
chemical reaction.
c.
uniform mixture of two or more substances.
d.
combination of two or more liquids.
A B C D
29.
Which of the following is a chemical reaction?
a.
tearing paper into strips
b.
burning paper
c.
picking up iron filings with a magnet
d.
mixing salt and sugar in the same container
A B C D
30.
_____ represents a formula for a chemical compound.
a.
H
c.
P
b.
C
d.
H2O
A B C D
31.
The nucleus of an atom contains _____.
a.
protons and neutrons
c.
protons and electrons
b.
neutrons and electrons
d.
protons, neutrons, and electrons
A B C D
32.
Electrons move about the nucleus of an atom in regions called _____.
a.
electron clouds
c.
air
b.
nuclei
d.
isotopes
A B C D
33.
What are the basic building blocks of proteins?
a.
nucleic acids
c.
amino acids
b.
peptide bonds
d.
glycerol and fatty acids
A B C D
34.
Water dissolves many ionic and molecular compounds because of its _____.
a.
ionic bonding
c.
covalent bonding
b.
polarity
d.
hydrogen bonding
A B C D
35.
When molecules of glucose and fructose combine to form sucrose, they do so by _____.
a.
hydrolysis
c.
dehydration synthesis
b.
electron clouds
d.
radiation
A B C D
36.
The various enzymes in our bodies are _____.
a.
lipids
c.
nucleotides
b.
carbohydrates
d.
proteins
A B C D
37.
Glucose and fructose, with the formula C6H12O6, differ in _____.
a.
numbers of atoms
c.
kinds of atoms
b.
arrangement of atoms
d.
arrangement of electrons
A B C D
38.
A very strong base might have a pH of _____.
a.
3
c.
9
b.
5
d.
13
A B C D
39.
The total number of atoms in a molecule of sucrose, C12H22O11, is _____.
a.
11
c.
22
b.
12
d.
45
A B C D
40.
An atom of fluorine has nine electrons. Its second energy level has _____.
a.
two electrons
c.
seven electrons
b.
eight electrons
d.
nine electrons
A B C D
41.
An unsaturated lipid contains _____.
a.
more oxygen than hydrogen
c.
ionic bonds
b.
double bonds
d.
only one fatty acid
A B C D
42.
Unlike carbohydrates and fats, proteins contain _____.
a.
nitrogen
c.
hydrogen
b.
carbon
d.
oxygen
A B C D
43.
Which element would need to be removed from the molecule in Figure 6-5 to make it unsaturated?
Figure 6-5
a.
carbon
c.
oxygen
b.
hydrogen
d.
phosphorus
