Thanks for coming to NS for this, I always have thought the internet forums get overlooked when it comes to sourcing information and finding interesting things.
If we're keeping it to strictly skiing related companies trying extremely unique things, here are my votes, not in any particular order and I'm sure I'm forgetting some.
Garywayne Skis
http://www.garywayneskis.com/garywayneskis.com/HOME.html
One word, and its a mouthful - omnidirectional.
Quiver Killer / Binding Freedom
http://www.quiverkiller.com/
http://bindingfreedom.com/
Two companies with some great systems for swapping your bindings around. The possibilities the inserts and plates allow are badass.
Ninthward Game Changer
http://ninthward.com/?page_id=2579
Ninthward has recently been getting a mixed reaction on our forums, but they're apparently producing the first ski with a replaceable base and edge underfoot, and thats some sweet innovation. No idea how it works or if its actually been produced yet.
Dale Custom Ski Boots
http://www.daleboot.com/root.html
I've been hearing rave reviews about these, and besides that, how cool is it to make a custom ski boot? Wiley Miller skis on these.
DPS Spoon
http://www.dpsskis.com/ski/spoon
This has been at SIA now a few times, so I'm sure the word is out there, but its a pretty cool and radically different sort of ski. I hope to ride a pair someday.
Past that, for extremely different... There have been a few innovations in outerwear, but its mostly in the fabrics and its been pretty much across the board. Same with goggles. Same with bindings, minus the cool new touring/alpine ones set to come out next year. Oh, and Plum's for the extreme tourers (
http://fixation-plum.com/fr/). Avy airbags are showing up in vests and small ski back packs, which is sick, but again, its not any one company, everyones making something cool and different.
I dunno, you could always check out Rax skis:
http://www.raxski.com/
I'll post more when I think of them, I know I'm forgetting some.